baltic 52 sailboatdata

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The hull of the Baltic 52 was given long sailing lines for high speeds and a special keel with a low centre of gravity for high stability and power. The design was based on S&S’s considerable experience with the IMS rules.

The 2-cockpit arrangement enabled the racing sailor to effectively delegate and spread out crew tasks. When cruising shorthanded, the boat could easily be sailed from the aft cockpit where all the main functions were close at hand to the helmsman and where the genoa sheets were led to the secondary winches.

DELIVERY YEAR

• 1990 - 2007

MAIN SPECIFICATIONS

• L.O.A. 16.00 m
• D.W.L. 13.15 m
• BEAM 4.70 m
• DRAFT 2.80 m
• DISPLACEMENT 14,500 kg
• BALLAST 6,000 kg
• UNITS BUILT 18
• NAVAL ARCHITECT S & S

We’re constantly updating our website to bring you news of launchings, new commissions and Baltic inspired innovation.

Review of Baltic 52

Basic specs..

The Baltic 52 is equipped with a fin keel. A boat with a fin keel is more manoeuvrable but has less directional stability than a similar boat with a long keel.

The keel is made of lead. Compared with iron, lead has the advantage of being 44% heavier, which allows a smaller keel and hence less water resistance and higher speed.

The boat can only enter major marinas as the draft is about 2.80 - 2.90 meter (9.19 - 9.49 ft) dependent on the load. See immersion rate below.

Sailing characteristics

This section covers widely used rules of thumb to describe the sailing characteristics. Please note that even though the calculations are correct, the interpretation of the results might not be valid for extreme boats.

What is Capsize Screening Formula (CSF)?

The capsize screening value for Baltic 52 is 1.94, indicating that this boat could - if evaluated by this formula alone - be accepted to participate in ocean races.

What is Theoretical Maximum Hull Speed?

The theoretical maximal speed of a displacement boat of this length is 8.8 knots. The term "Theoretical Maximum Hull Speed" is widely used even though a boat can sail faster. The term shall be interpreted as above the theoretical speed a great additional power is necessary for a small gain in speed.

The immersion rate is defined as the weight required to sink the boat a certain level. The immersion rate for Baltic 52 is about 414 kg/cm, alternatively 2318 lbs/inch. Meaning: if you load 414 kg cargo on the boat then it will sink 1 cm. Alternatively, if you load 2318 lbs cargo on the boat it will sink 1 inch.

Sailing statistics

This section is statistical comparison with similar boats of the same category. The basis of the following statistical computations is our unique database with more than 26,000 different boat types and 350,000 data points.

What is Motion Comfort Ratio (MCR)?

What is L/B (Length Beam Ratio)?

What is a Ballast Ratio?

What is Displacement Length Ratio?

What is SA/D (Sail Area Displacement ratio)?

Maintenance

When buying anti-fouling bottom paint, it's nice to know how much to buy. The surface of the wet bottom is about 74m 2 (796 ft 2 ). Based on this, your favourite maritime shop can tell you the quantity you need.

Are your sails worn out? You might find your next sail here: Sails for Sale

If you need to renew parts of your running rig and is not quite sure of the dimensions, you may find the estimates computed below useful.

This section shown boat owner's changes, improvements, etc. Here you might find inspiration for your boat.

Do you have changes/improvements you would like to share? Upload a photo and describe what to look for.

We are always looking for new photos. If you can contribute with photos for Baltic 52 it would be a great help.

If you have any comments to the review, improvement suggestions, or the like, feel free to contact us . Criticism helps us to improve.

Fin w/bulb & spade rudder

Specifications BALTIC 52

1990 - 52.49 ft / 16.00 m - Baltic Yachts (FIN) - Sparkman $ Stephens

BALTIC 52 Sailboat Data

Hull Type: Fin w/bulb & spade rudder Rigging Type: Masthead Sloop LOA: 52.49 ft / 16.00 m LWL: 43.14 ft / 13.15 m S.A. (reported): 1,310.00 ft² / 121.70 m² Beam: 15.42 ft / 4.70 m Displacement: 31,967.00 lb / 14,500 kg Ballast: 13,228.00 lb / 6,000 kg Max Draft: 9.19 ft / 2.80 m Construction: FG Composite Ballast Type: Lead First Built: 1990 # Built: 17 Builder: Baltic Yachts (FIN) Designer: Sparkman & Stephens

Information from  sailboatdata.com .

Hull Speed: 8.80 kn

BALTIC 52 similar search results:

SWAN 44 MKII

BAVARIA 46 CRUISER

The baltic 52 shown below has been sold:.

Sales information

• De Valk Corfu Greece
• (+30) 266 111 8095
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Broker's comments.

This excellent Baltic 52 is one of the very successful 52 series with two cockpits. It was designed by Sparkman & Stephens & built in 1990 by the quality shipyard BALTIC YACHTS Finland, The 2-cockpit arrangement enables the racing sailor to effectively delegate and spread out crew tasks. When cruising shorthanded, the boat can easily be sailed from the aft cockpit where all the main functions are close at hand to the helmsman and where the genoa sheets are led to the secondary winches.The hull was given long sailing lines for high speeds and a keel with a low centre of gravity for stability

General - BALTIC 52

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Baltic 51' from Finland

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Saw this beautiful 1982 Baltic 51 at the show in Miami this weekend. 1982 Baltic Yachts 51 Sail Boat For Sale - www.yachtworld.com Does anyone have any experience firsthand or otherwise with these boats? 199K seems way low for such a nicely spec'd 51' sailboat. Just the sails, rigging, deck hardware and electronics alone would seem to be worth more than the asking price. It had a hydraulic centerboard (11'draft) that I'm a little skeptical about. Also, I get a little nervous when I see an older mast with paint. Any input would be greatly appreciated! ~doo  

Beautiful boat. The cost to maintain will be in the neighborhood of 1~2% of "new replacement cost" of maybe $1.2 million so $12~24,000 annually IF there is no deferred maintenance. That scares many away, that plus sailing a boat with a big rig...  

My wife and I had a look at that boat as well. It was quite lovely. My wife got a kick out of the fact that she couldn't see over the top of the very giant steering wheel! I told her we'd get her a milk crate to stand on. It's a C & C design, and I very much got a sense of being aboard a very fast boat. I with you, though, on the mast. Painted is bad enough, painted black troubled me greatly. Hiding something? Ignorant of thermal expansion? I couldn't tell. Mostly we were spoiled by the new boats. The Baltic had a near-vertical companionway ladder, and the new boats had shallower steps that were more like stairs. It just seemed, I dunno, difficult. In my humble opinion, the ask price was pretty spot on. I suspect it will eventually sell for around $160-170K. There are lots of old boats on this very-much-a-buyer's-market, and even ones in this most excellent condition languish if they're aren't marked to the market. The wife loved the Cheoy Lee/Wittholz 53 a couple of slips down from the Baltic. Dunno why, it also had a steep ladder and big wheel. But the yellow cushions were cool... Had a blast at the boat show, already plotting a trip to Annapolis. PS We are both not catamaran people, but we both fell hard for the Outremer 45 (even though we both thought the tillers and tiller seats were silly affectations, who wants to hand steer?)  

Baltics are essentially very nice C&C boats. This one, though perhaps built in '82, looks like an IOR design from the '70's, with a large foretriangle and small main. This works well for racing around the buoys with a crew of perhaps 8 or 10 or more, so you can change the jib to match the wind conditions. While r/f makes it easy to roll up a sail, sailing with a partially rolled sail is not the same as reefing or changing headsails. It can ruin the sail and can make the boat harder to handle because the furled sail will be baggier than it should be for the increasing breeze (which is why you want a smaller headsail up.) A large crew is also needed to handle the rather huge spinnaker. IOR designs are notorious for squirrelly behavior downwind. The moveable keel on this one may help in that regard... or it may not. Systems on a boat that old may be subject to replacement. (We have a 1981 J/36; ask how I know this.) While this is likely a nice boat, it looks like a lot to handle and doesn't seem like a great deal at the asking price.  

Looks like a very nice boat. Assuming that the centreboard has been properly looked after it would be a real plus to me (we have a non-hydraulic c/b). Not a fan of IOR dynamics. I would want a comment from someone more knowledgeable about design than me about how extreme a design this might me. It certainly would be a very powerful boat and might be too much for a couple to handle cruising.  

Thanks for all the input! No doubt, she would be a handful to maintain and to sail at the top of her game. SW, I think you are spot on to expect an annual maintenance budget of 20k +/-. Could have sworn I saw a staysail attachment point on the foredeck, but looking at the photos, I don’t see it….must have been imagining things! How about Baltic’s reputation as a builder….I hadn’t heard of them before and am now just starting to do a little research. The interior joinery seemed nice, the electronics well thought out….I think the panel must have been recently replaced. The hull, deck and hardware also seemed very nice….its all those little unseen things like…..the rudder (and associated cables!)....through hulls, stern tube, bulkhead tabbing, mast step, thin/thick areas of the layup..…. Of course a survey should disclose trouble areas, but were there any inherit design (or engineering) flaws? Best! doo  

scubadoo said: ... Could have sworn I saw a staysail attachment point on the foredeck, but looking at the photos, I don't see it….must have been imagining things! Click to expand...

I think Baltic is right up there with Nautor and HR. They made some damn sexy looking boats - though, like some Swans, perhaps a bit busy below. I think they used lighter woods to avoid the 'teak cavern' look.. they tended to have low cabin houses and smallish ports so natural light might be lacking - but good use of deck prisms probably helps with that.  

It's going to cost you $20K / year just to maintain the 21 winches ;-)  

The annual maintenance cost, assuming you do most/all of the works yourself and the boat is in good shape to start, would be much less than $20k. Our boat is smaller than this one, but not that much smaller and is typically used a lot (36k nm in four years) and we spend much less than that. We might spend that much now that we have returned but we are doing things like Awlgrip on the hull and rechroming winches - I guess these are maintenance things, but very long term ones.  

I don't know the 51, but did commission the first 48 to arrive in the States sometime in the early 80's. Took her right from the ship to a yard in Lauderdale to prep her for SORC racing. On the first voyage to St. Pete for the first race, she kept leaking forward at the stem. It turned out she had a crack in the stem that would only leak under sail, and the repair cost was staggering. Otherwise a pretty nice boat and a fair racer/cruiser. As for the 51', being Italian flagged, import duty might be one reason for the low price.  

Wow! As always, you all are awesome! Thank you for your input, critiques and beautiful photos! Thanks Caribbeachbum…..good to know the stay is there…..thought it was my over active imagination for sure! The broker said the duty has been paid, would just have to pay Florida sales tax. Didn’t appear to be too much deferred maintenance, but won’t know for sure until she’s surveyed. It’s hard to imagine an average annual maintenance budget of less than 20k….I’d do a lot of the work myself, but it’s a lot of boat and I’m sure I’d hire out over 50% of the labor. Going to be keeping a close eye on this one as it’s moored in Ft Lauderdale…..my back yard…. Best - doo  

The early Baltics were designed by C&C. The guys that started the company came from Swan and they built boats equal to or better than Swan. Baltic yachts were cored hulls while the Swans were solid. World class builders in every way. Used to build smaller cruiser racer types but now only do the really large stuff.  

Photos 18 and 19 show the inner forestay for a staysail the best. A boat like this is easily driven and can make miles in a breeze with just the staysail, we'll do that when being lazy and the breeze is on. The only thing that would scare me about the boat is the teak deck, they are hot and expensive if replacement is required. Sailing it would be a joy and making 175 miles a day would not be too difficult for a husband and wife.  

Hi! This is Mike from Italy. A dear friend of mine, Italian guy working and based in Panama, was looking for a boat of "that kind" in the US or Caribbean and after more or less 5 months of search and a lot of surveys (and wasted money) the choice landed on the boat you are talking about. A Baltic 51 named Templars'f. I helped him during the whole process. The funny thing is that she was the only one with an Italian flag (ehh.... the destiny...). I can't disclosure the purchasing price. There were some small ordinary works needed and we took her from Ft. Lauderdale to Cuba - Cayo Largo during the last week of May as her "first trip" (with the new owner). Well... if you like that kind of design and you search a boat for a round the world, the B51 is really fantastic. I have read every post in this thread and I do agree with 100% of them. A modern 40 feet is absoluely more confortable than a 35 years old 51'. But the sensations that you have when you are onboard, specially if you are in the middle of the ocean, are different. Hard to explain. You feel the construction solidity and quality in every detail. In that range/years you have Swan, Baltic and Vauquiez. Also Frers for Beneateau and Farr for Jeanneau designed 2 very good 51'-52' in first 80s, but the overall quality of construction is different. She is also an "easy" boat. Ok there is a ridiculous number of winches (but you will use them sooner or later!) but she is easy to setup and REALLY a pleasure while sailing. She also forgives a lot of mistakes. There are some other Baltic 51 for sale in the US which seem to be really well mantained. We decided for this one (after 2 independent surveys) for the following reasons: - I've been in contact with a guy who worked on that boat as a captain for 5 years - She did 2 main refittings in 2007 and 2013 (deck in perfect shape and very good inside) - Very good brand new electronics (a lot of redundancy) - New engine with few hours - New standing rigging and almost new sails - Model with retractable center board (this is good for Caribbean) - Genset and watermaker. Price was good (at the end) because the owners are buying a new Baltic in Italy and they didn't want to take her back to Italy. I attach a pic I did in Cuba 2 weeks ago. For what concerns some of the questions: - black mast and boom: don't ask my why... a lot of Baltic has black bast and boom. Also, for example, the Baltic 51 Skopbank of Finland which did the whitbread in '81 came out of the boatyard with black mast and boom. I must admit that this is "nice". Anyway the mast was/is in perfect shape. I can say to know pros and cons of that specific boat (I did also a lot of regattas on a sister boat in Italy in the 90s) so please feel free to contact me if I can help you somehow. Michele  

Attachments

Michele Trotta said: Hi! This is Mike from Italy. A dear friend of mine, Italian guy working and based in Panama, was looking for a boat of "that kind" in the US or Caribbean and after more or less 5 months of search and a lot of surveys (and wasted money) the choice landed on the boat you are talking about. A Baltic 51 named Templars'f. I helped him during the whole process. The funny thing is that she was the only one with an Italian flag (ehh.... the destiny...). I can't disclosure the purchasing price. There were some small ordinary works needed and we took her from Ft. Lauderdale to Cuba - Cayo Largo during the last week of May as her "first trip" (with the new owner). Well... if you like that kind of design and you search a boat for a round the world, the B51 is really fantastic. I have read every post in this thread and I do agree with 100% of them. A modern 40 feet is absoluely more confortable than a 35 years old 51'. But the sensations that you have when you are onboard, specially if you are in the middle of the ocean, are different. Hard to explain. You feel the construction solidity and quality in every detail. In that range/years you have Swan, Baltic and Vauquiez. Also Frers for Beneateau and Farr for Jeanneau designed 2 very good 51'-52' in first 80s, but the overall quality of construction is different. She is also an "easy" boat. Ok there is a ridiculous number of winches (but you will use them sooner or later!) but she is easy to setup and REALLY a pleasure while sailing. She also forgives a lot of mistakes. There are some other Baltic 51 for sale in the US which seem to be really well mantained. We decided for this one (after 2 independent surveys) for the following reasons: - I've been in contact with a guy who worked on that boat as a captain for 5 years - She did 2 main refittings in 2007 and 2013 (deck in perfect shape and very good inside) - Very good brand new electronics (a lot of redundancy) - New engine with few hours - New standing rigging and almost new sails - Model with retractable center board (this is good for Caribbean) - Genset and watermaker. Price was good (at the end) because the owners are buying a new Baltic in Italy and they didn't want to take her back to Italy. I attach a pic I did in Cuba 2 weeks ago. For what concerns some of the questions: - black mast and boom: don't ask my why... a lot of Baltic has black bast and boom. Also, for example, the Baltic 51 Skopbank of Finland which did the whitbread in '81 came out of the boatyard with black mast and boom. I must admit that this is "nice". Anyway the mast was/is in perfect shape. I can say to know pros and cons of that specific boat (I did also a lot of regattas on a sister boat in Italy in the 90s) so please feel free to contact me if I can help you somehow. Michele Click to expand...

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• Sailboat Guide

Baltic 51 is a 50 ′ 11 ″ / 15.5 m monohull sailboat designed by C&C Design and built by Baltic Yachts between 1979 and 1988.

Rig and Sails

Auxilary power, accomodations, calculations.

The theoretical maximum speed that a displacement hull can move efficiently through the water is determined by it's waterline length and displacement. It may be unable to reach this speed if the boat is underpowered or heavily loaded, though it may exceed this speed given enough power. Read more.

Classic hull speed formula:

Hull Speed = 1.34 x √LWL

Max Speed/Length ratio = 8.26 ÷ Displacement/Length ratio .311 Hull Speed = Max Speed/Length ratio x √LWL

Sail Area / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the power of the sails relative to the weight of the boat. The higher the number, the higher the performance, but the harder the boat will be to handle. This ratio is a "non-dimensional" value that facilitates comparisons between boats of different types and sizes. Read more.

SA/D = SA ÷ (D ÷ 64) 2/3

• SA : Sail area in square feet, derived by adding the mainsail area to 100% of the foretriangle area (the lateral area above the deck between the mast and the forestay).
• D : Displacement in pounds.

Ballast / Displacement Ratio

A measure of the stability of a boat's hull that suggests how well a monohull will stand up to its sails. The ballast displacement ratio indicates how much of the weight of a boat is placed for maximum stability against capsizing and is an indicator of stiffness and resistance to capsize.

Ballast / Displacement * 100

Displacement / Length Ratio

A measure of the weight of the boat relative to it's length at the waterline. The higher a boat’s D/L ratio, the more easily it will carry a load and the more comfortable its motion will be. The lower a boat's ratio is, the less power it takes to drive the boat to its nominal hull speed or beyond. Read more.

D/L = (D ÷ 2240) ÷ (0.01 x LWL)³

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds.
• LWL: Waterline length in feet

Comfort Ratio

This ratio assess how quickly and abruptly a boat’s hull reacts to waves in a significant seaway, these being the elements of a boat’s motion most likely to cause seasickness. Read more.

Comfort ratio = D ÷ (.65 x (.7 LWL + .3 LOA) x Beam 1.33 )

• D: Displacement of the boat in pounds
• LOA: Length overall in feet
• Beam: Width of boat at the widest point in feet

Capsize Screening Formula

This formula attempts to indicate whether a given boat might be too wide and light to readily right itself after being overturned in extreme conditions. Read more.

CSV = Beam ÷ ³√(D / 64)

A keel/cb version was also available. Draft BU: 6.0’ BD: 10.0’ Disp.: 36000 lbs. Ballast: 1600 lbs.

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Wedding Palace

The foundations for Wedding Palace was executed by BAUER Technologie the Russian branch company of BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH. Scope of works was 163 pieces of D1500mm piles, each 30m deep. Cementation under each pile, and two Osterberg cell tests. The foundation was successfully completed between July-December 2008. For more information visit: BAUER Technologie

Imperia Tower is a multipurpose complex located on plot 4 of the Moscow International Business Center. It will consist of 2 buildings, the mixed-use Building A and the water park entertainment complex in Building B.

Building A, totaling 60 floors, will incorporate over 70,110 square meters (750,000 sq ft) of office space, 45,000 m2 (480,000 sq ft) of apartments, a 280 room hotel (30,000 m2/320,000 sq ft), and assorted retail outlets.

Building B will incorporate the water park and will be a focus of entertainment for the MIBC Complex. It will also house a shopping mall, restaurants and cafés, and will be open year-round.

Eurasia Tower

The Eurasia Tower, located on plot 12, is an office/recreational space with a total area of 207542 square meters. It will be situated on a three-tier podium in which will be placed a fitness center, entertainment, restaurants, and shops. Other areas will be distributed as follows: 106 231 square meters will be reserved for office space, and residential apartments will occupy 21185 square meters. On the bottom, there will be parking for more than 1000 cars. The external design of the building is a combination of classical and modernist style. On the outside of the building, a scenic elevator will run up and down for views of the entire city.

• Number of Floors: 67
• Height: 305 meters
• Total Investment: $250 million
• Total Area: 207,542 square meters
• The area of office premises: 106 231 m
• The area of premises: 21 185 m
• Parking capacity: 1000 places
• Developer: Mos City Group
• Eurasia Tower site
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Federation Tower

Federation Tower will be Europe's first supertall tower, and the second tallest tower in Europe after Russia Tower.

• Tower A: 93 floors - 360 metres tall
• Tower B: 62 floors - 243 metres tall
• Tower C: Spire - 506 metres tall

The unique construction combines architectural elegance, comfort and ergonomics. Upon completion, this will be the tallest building in Europe, at the height of 506 metres.

Office complex "Federation" is on plot 13 MIBC "Moscow-city". The structure represents a design of two tri-hedral towers with height of 360 and 243 metres above the ground, located on a common base of 10 floors. Between them the spike, with a height of 506 metres. In the towers a restaurant is planned, along with office psuites and residential apartments divided by technical floors. In the spike elevators with panoramic views and an evacuation stairway will be placed. In the base of the towers a full complex of retail and household services is planned. The underground part includes parking places, technical premises, and the walkway connecting the complex with the central part of a Business Centre, northern departure and a complex 12 site.

• Developer: ZAO Mirax-City, Russia
• Employer: ZAO Mirax-City, Russia
• Architect: Prof. P. Schweger and S. Tchoban (Germany)
• Total Investment: $500 million
• Total Area: 425,000 square metres;
• Total area of a plot: 1,07 hectares
• Height: over 506 metres
• Construction began: 2004
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Mercury City Tower

Multipurpose building with housing and open space, premises of trading and cultural appointment «Mercury City Tower» on plot 14 MIBC "Moscow-city". The structure's height is 322 metres (with a spike bringing it to 380) above the surface of the ground, with five underground floors. In a building office premises, apartments, the trading areas, and also restaurants will be located. The underground part, consisting of 5 floors, includes parking places, technical, and retail space.

• Architect: M.M. Posohin, Frank Williams (USA), G.L. Sirota
• Total area of a plot: 0,4975 Hectares
• Total Area: 158,000 square metres;
• Height: 380 metres
• Amount of floors: 70
• The area of offices: 86 000 square metres
• The area of Apartments: 24 000 square metres
• The area of Fitness centre: 5 000 square metres
• The area of Restaurants: 3 500 square metres
• Trading premises: 6 200 square metres
• Those a premise: 16 900 square metres
• Parking place: 18 000 square metres

Russia Tower

Construction began in September, 2007, and is planned to be completed in 2011. Upon reaching its final height of 612.2 metres (2,009 ft), it will be the tallest building in Europe and the second tallest in the world.

The total area of the structure will cover 520,000 m² (5,597,233.4 sq ft), of which 38% (200,000 m² (2,152,782.1 sq ft)) will be located underground. The tower will contain 118 floors, 101 lifts, and underground parking to accommodate 3,680 cars. Commercial retail shops will be located at the base of the building. The maximum capacity of the building is projected to be around 30,000.

The first ten floors will be occupied with the common part in which the parking will be placed. In the bottom part of a tower of office premises, a hotel will be located, the top floors will be occupied by apartments. In a business part of the project is expected to house a large congress centre, hotel, an entertainment zone, and a casino and park of attractions. Construction is planned on a plots 17-18 MIBC "Moscow-City". The developer of the project is the Moscow company (MDC), in cooperation with the city government and CT-Towers is the affiliated structure STT Group created for realization of projects in MIBC "Moscow-City". The final project of a tower has been presented by architect Norman Foster on March 15th, 2006 at exhibition MIPIM-2006 in Cannes. After completion, Russia Tower will become the tallest tower in Europe.

• Total area of a plot: 2,19 hectares
• Total Area: 520,800 square metres
• Amount of floors: 118
• Height: 612 m
• Cost of the project: $1,5-1,7 billion
• Spaciousness of the built in parking: 3680 place
• Amount of lifts: 101
• Construction began: on September, 18th, 2007
• Construction completed: 2012
• The status of the project is currently preparation for construction
• Russia Tower forum-site

External links

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• http://www.moscowcity.ru/
• http://www.citynext.ru/
• http://www.a-s-r.ru/tabid/247/Default.aspx
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Registration

The Baltic 51 is a 50.92ft masthead sloop designed by C & C Design Group and built in fiberglass by Baltic Yachts between 1979 and 1988.

24 units have been built..

The Baltic 51 is a moderate weight sailboat which is a good performer. It is stable / stiff and has a good righting capability if capsized. It is best suited as a bluewater cruising boat.

Baltic 51 for sale elsewhere on the web:

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Moscow Urban Forum in Moscow © C.Horn 2013

Recently the Moscow Government published under the headline “Moscow, the city for life” its seven development priorities. A document distributed at the Moscow Urban Forum in December 2013.

Moscow is with a population of over 12 million people one of the biggest metropolis in the world. The real number of citizens is difficult to establish as Moscow is the destination of many migrants, legal and otherwise, drawn by higher salaries and better services and living conditions. In 2010 alone, 126,000 newcomers were officially registered in the city, but the actual number is certainly much higher. The Moscow International Internet Portal indicates that “By some estimates together with commuters working and studying in Moscow, migrants, transit visitors and tourists the daily actual population of Moscow amounts in general to 15 – 20 million people”. It is forecast that by 2035 the population of the Moscow region will increase by 4,000,000 people and amount to 22,800,000 people.  It is expected that by 2020 passenger traffic generated by the ‘New Moscow’ will double whereas the capacity of the existing infrastructure is already exhausted.

Inner city road in Moscow © C.Horn 2012

After adopting in 2011 different government programs for the key directions of the capital’s development, the Moscow Government worked out in 2013 its main objectives for the creation of comfortable living conditions with the definition of seven development priorities: 1) Mobile City; 2) Comfortable urban environment; 3) Healthy city; 4) Well-educated city; 5) Socially protected city; 6) New economics of Moscow; 7) Open Moscow.

It is a large and ambitious programme highlighting the goals reached and progress made in the last years, and illustrating the objectives for the next years in numbers and graphics.

Moscow development priorities, Mobile City © Moscow

An important part takes the improvement and development of the transport infrastructure. Moscow is literally suffocated by the significant growth of the personal car fleet, doubling from 2.6 millions cars in 2000 to 4.5 million in 2012 and the increase of commuting du amongst others to the ongoing separation of business centres and residential areas. Over two-thirds of the municipal investments have been assigned in future for the improvement and modernisation of the transport infrastructure, roads and public transport, an estimated 329 billion roubles for 2013.

Moscow Subway Plan 2013-2020 © Moscow Subway

Today over 60% of the total volume of Moscow passenger transportation is carried by the subway and this traffic capacity should increase by 1.2 billions persons annually. Just to illustrate the ambitions, the program foresees to rise the average annual construction of subway stations from 2.75 stations, from 2009 – 2012, up to 9.1 stations per year for the period 2013-2020, with the final objective to construct 73 new stations by 2020. They say themselves, that it is the most rapid construction program in the entire history of the Moscow subway. In comparison the metro line of the Paris metropolis, Le Grand Paris Express, foresees to build 205 km of metro lines and 72 new stations between 2013 and 2030. It seems that Moscow want to do in less than half the time.

The development priorities draw the picture of a metropolis with a population using in the last years more intensely the public spaces, the cultural institutions, the shopping area and demanding for a higher urban living standard. A population that has better access to medical facilities and a growing life expectancy, 75.8 years in 2012, and a growing natality rate. A population with opportunities for a better education starting from more kindergartens over preschools to high schools. Interesting is the development of the average salary of a school teacher in Moscow, from 39200 roubles in 2010 up to 64100 roubles in 2013: an average annual growth of 12% in a context of an inflation of approximately 6 %, leaving a real salary growth of 6 % per year. Not bad, seen from a Western European perspective.

Pedestrian Street in Moscow © C.Horn 2013

But Moscow also wants to be a city that cares about its less fortunate citizens. The program is about social protection of older generations, assistance to needy families and persons with limited capabilities. It is about free access to public services, like transport, medical treatment, recreation, financial support and accessibility of public buildings. It also concerns providing housing for certain categories of citizens, probably one of the most difficult task, as Moscow has been ranked regularly among the five most expensive cities in the world in terms of the cost of housing.

To finance this new and improved public facilities and services, the Moscow Government counts on the dynamic of investments, supposed to grow from 732 billion roubles in 2010 up to 1719 in 2016. A mixture of better services for the investors, improved infrastructures and tax incentives should keep the dynamic going.

Gorky Park in Moscow in summer © www.2away.de

The Open Moscow development priority aims to create and strengthen the links between to residents and the public services. Improvements in the information and communication with the citizens, in the collecting and carrying out of suggestions of the citizens, and monitoring the activities of the public officers of municipal services, probably to fight corruption and try to establish a kind of confidence. Different internet sites like the Our City Website , regrouped in one Open Data Portal , should play in mayor part in this new Open Moscow development.

This program looks like a step in the right direction. It is developing Moscow towards a multi-layer, multi-functional city, trying to diversify the transport system, the municipal offer in public spaces, recreation and medial facilities, and supporting the poorer populations. The success of the renewal and transformation of the Gorky Park is a sign of these multi-functional and high-quality public spaces and the demand of the citizens for such spaces.

What is still missing for me is a clearer image of what Moscow wants to be in its whole, and in its parts. For the moment the document is set up as a catalogue of good intended programs, but not yet as an integral city development program. An example is the important investments in the public transport and in the road system, with the hope to encourage the citizens to abandon their excessive use of personal transport. But as long as the Moscow develops its road and parking system, citizens might prefer their car to public transport. Further detailed choices have to be taken on the different aspects of these programs and their feasibility in the near future.

Annotation: For this article I analysed the English version of the publication “Moscow, the city for life – Moscow development priorities” from the Moscow Government. During the lecture I got the impression that some mistakes had been made in the English translation. Download for the Russian version of the document (pdf) : Moscow City for life ru

Author: Christian Horn is the head of the architecture and urban planning office rethink

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Hi, I have not been able to obtain this document in english. Do you by any chance have it and can share it with me? Please contact me at [email protected]

Nice. Can I have the English documents?

Hello, thank you for your interest. I have the Russian version in PDF and I can send it to you, if you like. But the English documents only on paper. Best regards, Christian

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